ObjectiveThis study aims to analyze sociohistorically how the normative patterns of hegemonic masculinity produced impacts on men’s health/mental health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA qualitative study from a socio-historical perspective was conducted with 50 men based on an online survey. A semistructured form was applied. The data were analyzed by the Collective Subject Discourse method, interpreted in the light of the context of epidemic disease and hegemonic masculinity.ResultsThe experience of the pandemic exposed the normative patterns of masculinities from (...) the consummation of acts representative of the pandemic context, which incited men to deny the existence of COVID-19 disease and to delay the understanding and adoption of measures to protect and control COVID-19. As a repercussion, men presented conflicts in the regulation of emotions; presented emotional suppression; were more reactive; felt threatened regarding the loss of the role of family provider, virility; and revealed a sense of invulnerability, added to the weakening of self-care.ConclusionThe discourse revealed that the men’s behaviors are consistent with the characteristics of hegemonic masculinity, but express signs of recognition that this behavior causes harm to themselves and their health. (shrink)

Este artigo reexamina o posto de Ramon Llull na história da pregação da Baixa Idade Média ocidental, tendo em vista as novas abordagens sobre o tema da pregação e sua relação com o espaço do político. Discute-se também o projeto luliano de fundação de uma Ordem militar unificada cuja finalidade era dar suporte à pregação e conversão do infiel consoante a função eclesial da cavalaria cristã. O estudo da concepção luliana de conversão do muçulmano exige uma posição metodológica cuidadosa, uma (...) vez que envolve sentimentos ligados à alteridade, à violência e à intolerância. Diante disso, evitar-se-á qualquer dissociação entre discurso e seus enunciadores, certo de que a violência se origina das relações sociais, não de pensamentos coletivos transistóricos descolados de uma específica situação espaciotemporal. As obras lulianas são apologéticas e polemistas e, por isso, não podem ser tomadas por descrições imediatas de uma suposta mentalidade intolerante ou persecutória, característica de um medievo anárquico, mas, ao contrário, registros, isto é, mediações em que certa retórica está sendo mobilizada para a promoção de interesses de certos sujeitos em detrimento de outros; é um jogo de poder em que alguns sujeitos se autolegitimam enquanto procuram deslegitimar os outros. (shrink)

A partire da una sintetica ricostruzione storiografica degli studi su Raimondo Lullo, si mette in evidenza l'intreccio fra lavoro di documentazione, di edizione e di interpretazione che in questo ambito si è verificato nel corso del Novecento a partire da tre momenti essenziali: la fondazione della Maioricensis Schola Lullistica, che ha costituito il primo contesto istituzionale promotore dell'edizione critica dei testi latini; l' internazionalizzazione del progetto editoriale con l'attività del Raimundus-Lullus-Institut all'università di Freiburg i.Br.; l'ulteriore ampliamento della ricerca a partire (...) dall'uso tempestivo e meditato delle risorse elettroniche e della rete. Negli ultimi decenni questo rinnovamento del lavoro ecdotico ha prodotto, spesso – ma non solo – a opera degli stessi studiosi impegnati nelle edizioni, un'immagine per molti aspetti nuova del pensiero di Lullo e del suo interagire con la cultura del suo tempo, apportando nuovi elementi alla conoscenza del complesso contesto filosofico e teologico di inizio Trecento. A brief historiographical reconstruction of the studies on Ramon Llull highlights the link between the work of documentation, critical editing and interpretation in this area, which occurred during the twentieth century, starting from three essential moments: the foundation of the Maioricensis Schola Lullistica, the first institutional promoter of the critical editions of Lull's Latin works; the internationalization of this editorial project within the activities of the Raimundus-Lullus-Institut at the University of Freiburg i.Br.; the further expansion of research furthered by timely and thoughtful use of electronic resources and of the web. In recent decades this renovation of the ecdotic work has produced, often – yet not only – by the same scholars engaged in the editions, new facets in our understanding of Llull's thinking and of his interaction with the culture of his time, bringing new elements to our knowledge of the complex philosophical and theological context of early fourteenth century. (shrink)

The volume collects twenty-eight original essays by colleagues and friends of Michela Pereira offered on the occasion of her seventieth birthday. As a pioneer of the re-evaluation of fundamental areas of the Western philosophical and scientific tradition, starting with alchemy, Michela Pereira has dedicated important studies to Hildegard of Bingen, Roger Bacon, Ramon Llull, in addition to being one of the most authoritative interpreters of the feminist movement in the modern world. «Seeing in the shadow», the title of (...) this volume, recalls a suggestive image coined by Hildegard to establish a connection between the work of creation, human nature and prophetic knowledge, three contexts around which the interests of Michela Pereira turn. The essays of the volume interpret these topics in many thought-provoking ways. Covering a wide temporal arc, from late Antiquity to Early Modern Times, and ranging from alchemy and medicine to spirituality, prophecy and myth, from the body-soul relation to performative arts, such as theatre and music, they also include brief editions of unedited medieval texts and an updated bibliography of Michela Pereira’s publications. (shrink)

The main target of this study is to make a comparative analysis between the presence or absence of historical thinking competencies in the official curricula of Gymnasieskola (Sweden) and Bachillerato (Spain). To reach this goal, a mixed instrument was designed, both qualitative and quantitative, to analyze the offical documents. The results show a great presence of “historical consciousness” in the case of Sweden and the use of historical sources and evidences in the case of Spain.

Se presenta aquí la tesis que sirve de hilo conductor a los trabajos agrupados en este monográfico doble: los nuevos sujetos políticos en la postmetrópolis. En primer lugar, se señala la vinculación de la política con la realidad urbana en la que se crean los sujetos políticos. En segundo lugar, se analizan las ciudades actuales, en las que vive ya más de la mitad de la población mundial, y se muestra cómo su funcionamiento las convierte en realidades diferenciadas respecto a (...) ciudades y metrópolis previas. Con un enfoque multidisciplinar se investigan las características, problemas y retos sociopolíticos más destacados a los que se enfrentan quienes habitan estas realidades urbanas, cuyo rasgo fundamental es que son ciudades inteligentes. Tanto por los temas estudiados como por las metodologías empleadas, este monográfico está totalmente alineado con la Estrategia Española de Ciencia y Tecnología y de Innovación y con el Programa Marco Horizonte 2020. (shrink)

Las migraciones transnacionales, la integración del pluralismo cultural en los Es-tados de acogida de inmigrantes, el reconocimiento de sus derechos civiles, económicos y políticos y las condiciones de acceso a la ciudadanía son fenómenos de interés público que nos obligan a repensar las fronteras de la democracia y la someten a una renovación continua. La presencia del extranjero irregular y la llegada masiva de refugiados a las puertas de Europa han tambaleado las bases de nuestra ciudadanía, poniendo en tela de (...) juicio los valores comu-nitarios y desafiando la tradición cosmopolita desde el afuera de la Administración de la UE. Estas contradicciones prácticas llevan a los teóricos de la justicia y la filosofía política, como S. Benhabib, a explorar los límites de la pertenencia, la responsabilidad y la ética en las de-mocracias contemporáneas. El objetivo de conciliar los derechos de autogobierno y libre auto-determinación territorial con la afirmación de los derechos humanos universales pasa, nece-sariamente, por argumentar la vigencia del Estado-nación moderno y problematizar las lógicas divisorias de la soberanía territorial, tan reforzada hoy en día. (shrink)

The doctor-patient relationship is a crucial aspect of primary-care practice Research on associations between quality of care provision and burnout and empathy in a primary care setting could improve this relationship. Cross-sectional study of family physicians and nurses of twenty-two primary care centers in the health district of Lleida, Spain. Empathy and burnout were measured using the Jefferson Physician Empathy Scale and the Maslach Burnout Inventory, while quality of care delivery was evaluated using Quality Standard Indicator scores. JPSE and MBI (...) results were grouped into low, medium, and high scores to analyze associations with QSI scores and sociodemographic variables. The mean QSI score recorded for the family physicians and nurses was 665. Higher, albeit insignificant, QSI scores were observed for practitioners with high burnout. No differences were observed according to level of empathy. The differences with respect to sex, age, and area of practice were not significant. Practitioners with low empathy had higher QSI scores than those with high empathy while those with high burnout had higher scores than those with low burnout. Burnout and empathy did not significantly influence quality of care delivery scores in 22 primary care centers. More studies, however, are needed to investigate the unexpected trend observed that suggests that physicians and nurses with higher levels of burnout provide higher quality care. (shrink)

This book develops a philosophical analysis of economic reality and economic science from an Aristotelian point of view. It is the result of many years of thinking and philosophical study about these topics. It differs from other philosophy of economics books as it also deals with economic reality (not only the science) and approaches its subject from an Aristotelian perspective. It differs from other Aristotelian studies about economics as it covers the whole of philosophy of the economy. This book argues (...) why Aristotle's thinking guarantees an appropriate interdisciplinary synthesis. (shrink)

La reconstrucción sistemática y el análisis crítico de la teoría husserliana acerca de la felicidad y de su búsqueda no es tarea fácil. Ello se debe tanto a dificultades terminológicas como a la dispersión en las distintas obras del fundador del método fenomenológico. Este trabajo pretende presentar los elementos fundamentales de una teoría tal en el contexto de la teleología de la vida moral. La felicidad entendida como vida dichosa en su totalidad (seliges Gesamtleben) en la cual todas las intenciones (...) –tanto las teóricas como las éticas– son cumplidas, satisfechas, constituye un ideal, inalcanzable de hecho, que guía la vida moral. Sin embargo, según Husserl, es posible acercarse, aunque sea asintóticamente, a dicha felicidad, una felicidad que también tiene una dimensión intersubjetiva que reside en el cumplimiento de los fines de una comunidad ética. (shrink)

El artículo aborda la cuestión de la contribución de los sentimientos a la “conformación” y a la “revelación” de la identidad personal desde la perspectiva de la fenomenología husserliana. Para ello se parte de una breve descripción de qué entiende Edmund Husserl por “sentimientos” señalando el error de considerar esta esfera como una esfera homogénea. La distinción fundamental que cruza la misma es la existente entre sensaciones afectivas y actos afectivos. Manuscritos inéditos de Husserl a los que el autor ha (...) tenido acceso amplían esta distinción y profundizan en los diversos tipos de intencionalidad afectiva. Una vez ofrecida una visión de conjunto sobre la concepción husserliana de los sentimientos, se analiza la contribución de éstos – entendidos en uno u otro sentido – a la conformación de los distintos, por así decir, “niveles” de identidad personal. De este modo, se reconstruye una suerte de “arqueología” de la identidad personal que va desde lo que Husserl denomina “fluyente presente viviente” hasta lo que en este trabajo se llama “identidad personal en sentido eminente”. (shrink)

Ser modern és ser racionalista. Aquest llibre repassa amb detall les tesis de Descartes, la seva relació amb els contemporanis i les conseqüències de les seves teories.

L'utilitarisme té com a criteri bàsic aconseguir el màxim bé per al màxim nombre possible de persones. L'utilitarisme dóna molta importància a la recerca de la felicitat personal. Aquest llibre en descriu les tesis bàsiques i respon a les principals acusacions que ha rebut.

Analyzing the position of two philosophers whose views are recognizably divergent, W. O. Quine and M. Dummett, we intend to support a striking point of agreement between them: the idea that our logical principles constitute our principles about what there is, and therefore, that logic is metaphysics.

Este estudo trata de algumas relações possíveis entre as concepções dos filósofos Friedrich Nietzsche e Michel Foucault, no tocante à constituição do Estado moderno e de um novo sujeito. Analisa-se o surgimento das artes de governo a que se debruça Foucault, com um enfoque voltado para a construção da subjetividade moderna. Ao mesmo tempo, examina-se o conceito de espírito cativo postulado por Nietzsche, em que um indivíduo é forjado pela modernidade em nome de uma suposta implantação da paz. Nesse sentido, (...) buscamos estabelecer algumas conexões entre a formação do Estado e do sujeito modernos, aquele visto como peripécia das artes que, nos últimos séculos, tem conduzido este. (shrink)

In Plato's Protagoras, Socrates discusses the fundamental problem in education: Can virtue be taught? This question may be reformulated as follows: Can virtue be taught in terms of sophistic pedagogy, that is, a learning of values, rules and standards by means of which a city is organized, and the teaching of how to handle these values and rules to one's own individual benefit. By contrast, arguing unity of virtues and the associate thesis that virtue is knowledge, Socrates suggests that the (...) true education implies self-conscious adherence to objective moral standards. (shrink)

Husserl’s conception of ideal objects convinced some of his early disciples that he was presenting a new form of realism. This impression arises, in my view, from a twofold misunderstanding. First, there was a misunderstanding of the limits of the phenomenological claims of Logical Investigations and, second, an erroneous belief that ideal objects are interpreted in a realist fashion therein. The ultimate source of the first phenomenological schism is not, therefore, so much a reaction to an alleged sudden change in (...) Husserl’s position, but rather a misunderstanding of the concept of ideality presented in Logical Investigations. Further, an alleged “compatibility” between the realist conception of ideality and the Husserlian conception is to be found in one of the ways that Husserl addresses the problem of constitution. However, the Spanish philosopher Antonio Millán-Puelles has shown that the use of terms such as “constitutive activity” or “genesis”—in a realist metaphysics, to designate the arising of ideal objects—should not be interpreted in a psychologistic way, as though these objects remained absorbed by the reality of the mental processes they are made present by. (shrink)

This paper elaborates on administrative sorting, a threat to internal validity that has been overlooked in the regression discontinuity (RD) literature. Variation in treatment assignment near the threshold may still not be as good as random even when individuals are unable to precisely manipulate the running variable. This can be the case when administrative procedures, beyond individuals’ control and knowledge, affect their position near the threshold non-randomly. If administrative sorting is not recognized it can be mistaken as manipulation, preventing fixing (...) the running variable and leading to discarding viable RD research designs. (shrink)

El escepticismo de Pirrón une a su condición fundadora un problema de recepción recurrente en los clásicos de la antigüedad, y presente aquí en extremo: la ausencia de textos escritos del autor. La interpretación del escepticismo como modo de vida, y no como discurso, en Michel de Montaigne y Friedrich Nietzsche, es el resultado de asumir radicalmente, aunque de formas divergentes, la tensión originaria entre escepticismo y (ausencia intencionada o no de) discurso verbal: como restitución de la paridad de palabras (...) y cosas o como privilegio de la lectura sobre la designación del texto. (shrink)

The states of affairs are one of the basic categories of the formal ontology in the husserlian sense of this word. They are the objectiv correlates of judgements and they have an existence independent of propositions and of acts of judging. Their form is "the being-b of A". States of affairs have different properties. One of the most important is that they are bearers of ontological modalities. In this respect the analysis of the different classes of modalities needs to be (...) completed for ontological investigations which make clear the several types of essences and the laws which are grounded in these essences. (shrink)